What role does artificial intelligence, like RankBrain or BERT, play in Google's algorithm?

Artificial intelligence and machine learning play an increasingly vital role. RankBrain, introduced in 2015, helps Google better understand complex and ambiguous search queries, especially never-before-seen ones, by interpreting the intent behind the words. BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers), rolled out in 2019, further enhances Google's understanding of natural language, allowing it to grasp the nuances and context of words in search queries and web pages, leading to more relevant results.