Explain the difference between volumetric and application-layer DDoS attacks, and how are they defended against?

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Grade: Education Subject: Ddos
Explain the difference between volumetric and application-layer DDoS attacks, and how are they defended against?
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Volumetric attacks flood the target with traffic, overwhelming bandwidth. Defense involves traffic filtering, rate limiting, and Content Delivery Networks (CDNs). Application-layer attacks target specific application vulnerabilities, like HTTP floods. Defense includes Web Application Firewalls (WAFs), bot detection, and careful application design. These techniques are complementary and often used in combination.