How can I use exception handling to catch MySQL errors more effectively?

Using exceptions provides a cleaner way to handle errors. Wrap database operations in a `try` block. In the `catch` block, you can access the exception object's `getMessage()` method to retrieve the error message. This allows you to handle specific error types differently. You can also use custom exception classes to represent different database error scenarios, making your code more robust and maintainable. The use of `try-catch` blocks also promotes separation of concerns, keeping error handling logic separate from the core database interaction logic.