What is 'challenge-response' and how does a cloud proxy use it to combat DDoS?

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Grade: Education Subject: Ddos
What is 'challenge-response' and how does a cloud proxy use it to combat DDoS?
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Challenge-response systems, like CAPTCHAs or JavaScript challenges, verify that a request is coming from a human user and not a bot. Cloud proxies insert these challenges for suspicious requests, effectively blocking automated DDoS attacks while allowing legitimate users to proceed with minimal disruption.